| 摘要: |
| 仲裁自古以来在很多国家或地区都是一种重要的争议解决制度，其作用在当代更广的范围内越来越重要。然而，仲裁是以存在有效的仲裁协议为基石的，《纽约公约》等国际条约及众多国家或地区的制定法都允许当事人就仲裁协议的效力或涵盖范围纠纷提请司法审查。由于没有国际统一法的约束，各个国家或地区关于仲裁协议纠纷司法审查阶段的制度并不一致。大体而言，以法国和瑞士等为代表的国家或地区禁止或限制法院在仲裁裁决作成之前对仲裁协议的纠纷进行司法审查，其他国家或地区则对当事人在仲裁裁决作成之前的各阶段就仲裁协议纠纷提请司法审查的行为不加禁止或限制。我国内地关于仲裁协议纠纷司法审查阶段的制度规范存在诸多缺陷，包括将当事人对仲裁协议效力的异议不合理地推迟到人民法院首次开庭前、未指明在人民法院司法审查期间仲裁程序可否推进、没有考虑到仲裁机构就仲裁协议纠纷在先作出的决定是否具有终局效力的问题等。对于这些缺陷，我国内地应当借鉴境外的良好规则，主要通过修订《仲裁法》的方式进行弥补。 |
| 关键词: 仲裁协议 司法审查 自裁管辖权 借鉴 |
| DOI： |
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| Comparison between Regulations on the Phases of Judicial Review of Arbitration Agreements and Its Reference to China |
| ZHANG Sheng-cui |
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| Abstract: |
| Arbitration has been one of the important means to settle the disputes since ancient times and plays a more valuable role in wider fields nowadays. Arbitration must basically rely upon arbitration agreements. Several treaties like the New York Convention and legislation of mass jurisdictions allow judicial review for disputes arising from the validity or scope of arbitration agreements. So far as the legal rules for the phases of judicial review concerning the above disputes, no uniform standard exists because of no binding international obligations. Generally speaking, some countries like France and Switzerland ban or restrict judicial review for the disputes involving arbitration agreements before arbitral awards have been created and other countries or regions have no similar prohibitions or restrictions. There are many flaws in Chinese legal system for the phases of judicial review concerning the disputes about arbitration agreements, including the availability of the challenge for the validity of arbitration agreements before the first hearing meeting of the courts, no clear rule for the possibility of continuance of arbitral proceedings during the period of judicial review, and no provision for the status of arbitral institutes’decisions for the disputes about arbitration agreements prior to judicial review. The Mainland China should mainly revise its Arbitration Act to remedy those flaws mentioned above by referencing to overseas good rules. |
| Key words: arbitration agreements judicial review competence-competence reference |
